TRASH: transforming refuse in apartments for sustainable housing
Chief Investigator (CI)
Funding Partner: Australian Research Council, LINKAGE
Project Timeline: 2026 - 2029
ARC LINKAGE
Working alongside residents, local governments, waste management organisations and industry stakeholders, the project will co-design, test and evaluate innovative interventions across 60 apartment developments, engaging approximately 12,000 households. Rather than applying one-size-fits-all solutions, the project places residents at the centre of the design process to develop practical, locally relevant strategies that improve recycling behaviours, reduce waste generation and create lasting systems change.
Beyond the on-ground trials, the project will develop a national knowledge-sharing platform featuring best-practice case studies, co-design guides, campaign resources, practical tools for behaviour change, quick-reference materials and an evidence-based advisory service for apartment waste management. These resources will be promoted nationally through project partners and a dedicated Multi-Unit Developments Waste Advisory Group, enabling successful approaches to be adopted well beyond the participating sites.
The TRASH Project (Transforming Recycling and Sustainable Household Practices) is a four-year action research initiative (2026–2029) focused on improving recycling and reducing waste in apartment buildings across Melbourne and Sydney. As Australia's apartment population continues to grow, waste and recycling systems in Multi-Unit Developments (MUDs) have struggled to keep pace, resulting in consistently lower recycling rates than other housing types. Despite more than 2.6 million Australians living in apartments, this sector has received limited attention in waste policy, research and behaviour change initiatives.
By improving waste outcomes in apartment communities, the TRASH Project aims to deliver lasting environmental, social and economic benefits. Reducing waste sent to landfill will support Australia's transition to a more resource-efficient, circular economy while helping lower waste management costs for households—particularly significant given that around 40% of apartment residents are from lower-income households. Ultimately, the project contributes to building more sustainable, resilient cities and supports the goals of Australia's National Waste Policy and National Plastics Plan.
Partner Organisations include City of Melbourne, City of Glen Eira, City of Maribyrnong, Southern Cross Recycling Group Pty Ltd, APR Kerbside Pty Ltd
Partner Researchers:
Bhavna Middha, Chief Investigator CI, RMIT University
Ralph Horne, Lead Chief Investigator LCI, RMIT University
Nicole Cook Chief Investigator CI, University of Wollongong
Ninna Larsen, Partner Investigator PI, Reground Pty Ltd
Alison Browne, Partner Investigator PI, The University of Manchester, UK
Liz Horsefield, Partner Investigator PI, ReLondon
